Investigations using retrospective chart reviews or health record reviews have been reported to comprise 25% of all scientific articles in emergency medical journals ( Worster & Haines, 2004). The scientific utilization of existing health records is common in epidemiological investigations ( Haley et al., 1980 Jansen et al., 2005), quality assessment and improvement studies ( Allison et al., 2000 Kirkorian, 1979), professional education and residency training ( Holmboe, Gross, & Hawkins, 1996 Neidich, 1990 Pan, Fergusson, Schweitzer., & Hebert, 2005), examination of inpatient care ( Ashton, Kuykendell, Johnson, Wray, & Wu, 1995 Wu & Ashton, 1997), and in clinical research ( Hellings, 2004 Rajeev, Srinath, Girimaji, Seshadri, & Singh, 2004 Staller, Kunwar, & Simionescu, 2005). This includes physician and nursing notes, ambulatory and emergency room reports, consultations, admission and discharge documentation, laboratory and diagnostic testing reports, and other clinical or administrative data.įor over eight decades, the systematic investigation of historical records has guided various clinical research ( Butler & Quinlan, 1958 Wu & Ashton, 1997). ![]() Retrospective research often requires the analysis of data that were originally collected for reasons other than research ( Hess, 2004 Jansen et al., 2005).
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